![]() He had met two other persons with the same ideal Liu Bei, (刘备)a distant member of the Han royal family and Zhang Fei (张飞). Guan Yu belonged to the group who aspired to restore the Han Dynasty. Nevertheless, others remained loyal to the Han dynasty and sought to restore the power of the Han Emperor. They aspired to be rulers of their own empire. The most severe of these movements was the Yellow Turban Rebellion (黄巾起义).Īs the political disintegration intensified, regional warlords were no longer contented to be the power behind the throne. Meanwhile, disenfranchised peasant began series of uprising. Powerful clans and court officials fought against each other to become the power behind the throne. Towards the end of the Han dynasty (汉朝), the emperor had been reduced to a nominal ruler. All rights reserved.Guan Yu (关羽) was a historical person who lived in China during the Three Kingdoms period, (三国) (CE 220-CE 280). National Health and Family Planning Commission of China.Ĭopyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. National efforts are needed to improve the care and outcomes for patients with STEMI in China. Quality of care has improved for some treatments, but important gaps persist and in-hospital mortality has not decreased. Adjusted in-hospital mortality did not significantly change between 20 (odds ratio 0♸2, 95% CI 0♶2-1♱0, ptrend=0♰7).ĭuring the past decade in China, hospital admissions for STEMI have risen in these patients, comorbidities and the intensity of testing and treatment have increased. The median length of hospital stay decreased from 12 days (IQR 7-18) in 2001 to 10 days (6-14) in 2011 (ptrend<0♰001). Despite an increase in the use of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (10♶% in 2001 vs 28♱% in 2011, ptrend<0♰001), the proportion of patients who did not receive reperfusion did not significantly change (45♳% in 2001 vs 44♸% in 2011, ptrend=0♶9). We noted significant increases in use of aspirin within 24 h (79♷% in 2001 vs 91♲% in 2011, ptrend<0♰001) and clopidogrel (1♵% in 2001 vs 82♱% in 2011, ptrend<0♰001) in patients without documented contraindications. ![]() Between 20, estimated national rates of hospital admission for STEMI per 100,000 people increased (from 3♵ in 2001, to 7♹ in 2006, to 15♴ in 2011 ptrend<0♰001) and the prevalence of risk factors-including smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia-increased. 12,264 patients were included in analysis of treatments, procedures, and tests, and 11,986 were included in analysis of in-hospital outcomes. We sampled 175 hospitals (162 participated in the study) and 18,631 acute myocardial infarction admissions, of which 13,815 were STEMI admissions. This study is registered with, number NCT01624883. We weighted our findings to estimate nationally representative rates and assess changes from 2001 to 2011. In the second stage we obtained case data for rates of STEMI, treatments, and baseline characteristics from patients attending each sampled hospital with a systematic sampling approach. In the first stage, we used a simple random-sampling procedure stratified by economic-geographical region to generate a list of participating hospitals. ![]() In a retrospective analysis of hospital records, we used a two-stage random sampling design to create a nationally representative sample of patients in China admitted to hospital for STEMI in 3 years (2001, 2006, and 2011). We aimed to assess trends in characteristics, treatment, and outcomes for patients with STEMI in China between 20. ![]() Despite the importance of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in China, no nationally representative studies have characterised the clinical profiles, management, and outcomes of this cardiac event during the past decade. ![]()
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